Smart grid-Power factor Correction and Maintenance in Consumer Side Using RFID Based Power Line Carrier

Smart grid is a grouping of information and communication technology and intelligent common infrastructure. Talking about smart grid the  consumers and suppliers are very much important inorder to manage,monitor and control all energy issuses smartly. Easy instalation and high reliablity data communication over power line carrier is an important  requirment to make a smart grid more constructive than fixed grid system.Therefore  a latest RFID based power line technology has been developed unlike conventional system carrying data through antenna. RFID based power line carrier technology is used for detection and payment inorder to keep up the grid smart. With this technology, power factor correction and maintanance techniques are included inorder to improve the power system stability. Whenever the non-linear load is connected in load side, the proposed system will automatically detect and connect the power factor correction circuit(capacitor bank) for maintain the  power factor in consumer side

MITIGATE THE REAL POWER LOSSES IN RADIAL DISTRIBUTED NETWORK USING DG BY ABC ALGORITHM

Recently, integration of Distributed generation (DG) in distribution system has increased to high penetration levels. The impact of DG on various aspects of distribution system operation, such as reliability and energy loss depend highly on DG location in distribution feeder .Optimal DG placement plays an important role . This project presents a new methodology using Artificial Bee Colony  algorithm (ABC) to find the optimal size and optimum location for the placement of DG in the radial distribution networks for active power compensation by reduction in real power losses .The proposed technique is tested on standard IEEE-33 bus test system

INVESTIGATIONS ON OPTOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF DC REACTIVE MAGNETRON SPUTTERED CdTe THIN FILMS

In the present work two individual metallic targets of Cd and Te were used for the deposition of CdTe thin films on mica substrates from room temperature to 300 , which corresponds to reflection on (2 0 0), (2 2 0) and (3 1 1) planes of CdTe cubic structure, respectively. The conductivity of CdTe thin films measured from four probe method decreases with the increase of substrate temperature. The activation energies (ΔE) of CdTe thin films are also found to be decrease with the increase of substrate temperature. These results may be correlated with Te excess that is greater in respective CdTe films. Optical transmittance spectra of CdTe thin films have a clear interference pattern in the longer wavelength region. The films have good transparency (T > 85 %) exhibiting interference pattern in the spectral region between 1200 -2500 nm. The optical band gap of CdTe thin films are found to be in the range of 1.48 -1.57 eV. The refractive index, n decreases with the increase of wavelength, λ. The value of n and k increases with the increase of substrate temperature